Elon Musk Gives Updates on Mission to Mars.

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all right - I'll block number one and

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I'm gonna talk more about what it takes

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to become multi-planet species and I'm

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just a just a brief refresher on why

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this is important I think fundamentally

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the future is vastly more exciting and

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interesting if we're a spacefaring

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civilization and a multi-planet species

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that if we're not it you want to be

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inspired by things you want to wake up

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in the morning to think the future is

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gonna be great and that's what what

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bring a spacefaring civilization is all

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about it's about believing in the future

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and thinking that the future were better

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than in the past and I can't think of

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anything more exciting than going out

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there and being among the stars that's

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why so becoming it we go into more

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detail and becoming multiplying species

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this is the updated design for the the

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what we were sort of searching for the

00:54

right name but the code name at least is

00:57

bfr and the the the probably the most

01:05

important thing that I want to convey in

01:09

in this presentation is that I think we

01:13

have figured out how to pay for it this

01:16

is very important you know in last

01:23

year's presentation you know we're

01:26

really searching for what the right way

01:28

it you know how do we pay for this thing

01:30

we went through various ideas

01:33

Kickstarter you know collecting

01:35

Underpants these didn't pan out but but

01:42

now we think we think about a way to do

01:44

it which is to have to have a smaller

01:50

vehicle still pretty big but one that

01:54

can serve that we're the one that can do

01:59

everything that's needed in in the

02:01

greater Earth orbit activity so

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essentially we want to make

02:07

our current vehicles redundant we want

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to have one system one ship ones one

02:14

booster and ship that replaces Falcon

02:16

nine Falcon Heavy and Dragon so if we

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can do that then all the resources that

02:24

are used for Falcon 9 heavy and Dragon

02:28

can be applied to this system so that's

02:33

really fundamental so let's see what

02:39

progress have we made in in this in this

02:41

direction its last lesson you saw the

02:43

giant tank that's actually a 12 meter

02:45

tank and you can see the relative scale

02:49

of it it's a thousand cubic meters of

02:52

volume inside that's actually more

02:56

pressurized volume than an a380 just to

02:59

put that into perspective we developed a

03:02

new carbon fiber matrix that's much

03:05

stronger and more capable at higher than

03:07

anything before and it holds 1200 tons

03:11

of liquid oxygen so we we tested it so

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we successfully tested it up to its

03:18

design pressure

03:22

and then when a little further so we

03:26

want to see where it would break and we

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found out we're break it shot about 300

03:34

feet into the air and land on the ocean

03:36

we're fishing it out and but now get a

03:40

pretty good sense of what it takes to

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create a huge carbon-fiber tank that can

03:45

hold cryogenic liquid that's actually

03:49

extremely important for making a light

03:51

spaceship remember the next key element

03:56

is on the engine side we have to have an

03:58

extremely efficient engine so the the

04:02

raptor engine will be the highest thrust

04:06

away engine we believe of having any

04:08

engine of any kind ever made we already

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have now 1200 seconds of firing across

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42 main engine tests we fired it for 100

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seconds it could it could fire for much

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longer than hundred seconds that's just

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the size of the of the test tanks and

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then the duration of the firing you've

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seen right now is this 40 SEC 40 seconds

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which is the length of the firing for

04:33

landing on Mars the the test engine it

04:37

currently operates at 200 atmospheres to

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a toner bar the flight engine will be at

04:44

250 bar and then we believe over time we

04:47

could probably get back to a little over

04:49

300 bar the next key element is

04:54

propulsive landing so in order to land

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on right on face like the moon where

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there is no atmosphere and certainly no

05:04

runways or land on Mars with atmosphere

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is too thin to land on even if there

05:10

were on waste land with with the wing

05:11

you really have to get propelled

05:14

propulsive landing perfect so that's

05:18

what we've been practicing with Falcon 9

05:20

so this is just a series of landing but

05:24

it's like these quite mesmerizing but we

05:27

now have 16 successful landings in a row

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and that's with

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[Applause]

05:38

[Music]

05:41

so the the the the it's six in a row and

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that's with it with with really without

05:47

any redundancy so Falcon nine lands on a

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single-engine the the the final landing

05:53

is always done with with a single-engine

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whereas the West bfr will always have

05:59

multi engine out capability so if you

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can get to a very high reliability with

06:05

even a single engine and then you can

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you can land and then you can land with

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either of two engines I think we can get

06:14

to a landing reliability that is on par

06:19

with the safest commercial airliners so

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you can essentially count on the landing

06:26

it's not like the you want minimum

06:28

pucker factor on landing the Edit land

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is also very high precision in fact we

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believe the precision at this point is

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good enough for propulsive landing that

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we do not need legs for the next version

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it will literally line with so much

06:47

precision it will land back on its

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launch mounts so the see the loss the

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loss rate is also being it has been

06:57

increasing exponentially the particular

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when you take tankini but we're

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refilling on-orbit into account and

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taking the idea of establishing a

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self-sustaining base on Mars or the moon

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or elsewhere seriously you need thousand

07:15

oftenly thousands of ships and tens of

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thousands of ivory ivory tanking or

07:23

refilling operations which means you

07:25

need many launches per day

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the key that you really need to be

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looking at in terms of how many landings

07:33

are occurring you need to look at you

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watch it on your calendar so while this

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is a quite a high launch rate that we're

07:39

talking about here you're by

07:42

conventional standards it's so in a very

07:45

small loss rate compared to what it will

07:47

ultimately be needed but just for those

07:51

who are failure

07:52

how many cobra launches occur every year

07:54

it's approximately approximately 60 over

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launches occur per year which means if

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SpaceX does do something like 30

08:03

launches next year it'll be

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approximately half of all over launches

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that occur on earth the next thing is a

08:14

key technology is automated rendezvous

08:18

and docking so in order to retain or

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refill the spaceship in orbit you have

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to be able to rendezvous and dock with

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the spaceship with very high precision

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and and transfer propellant and so

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that's one of the things that we've

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perfected with with dragon dragon one

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we'll do an automated rendezvous and

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docking without any pilot control to the

08:45

space station

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dragon one currently uses the canadarm2

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before the final placement on to the

08:53

space station dragon 2 which launches

08:55

next year will not need to use the the

08:57

cannot hit our hub so dragon 2 will

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directly dock with the space station and

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I can do so with zero human intervention

09:06

she just press press go and we'll dock

09:12

the dragon is also allowed us to perfect

09:14

heat shield technology so when you enter

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at high velocity

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you'll bet you'll melt almost anything

09:23

the reason the reason meteors don't

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reach Earth is they they mail to

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disintegrate before they reach the

09:28

ground unless they're very big so you

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have to have a sophisticated heat shield

09:32

technology that can withstand

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unbelievably high temperatures and

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that's what we've been perfecting with

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with dragon and also a key part of of

09:43

any planet core lies colonizing system

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excite

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so Falcon 1 this is where we started out

09:54

a lot of people I feel really only heard

09:58

a SpaceX relatively recently so let me

10:03

think

10:04

say Falcon 9 and Dragon just instantly

10:09

appeared and that's how it always was

10:11

but if it wasn't we started off with

10:13

just a few people who really didn't know

10:15

how to make rockets and the the reason

10:20

that I ended up being the chief engineer

10:23

or chief designer there's nothing

10:24

because I wanted to use because I can

10:26

hire anyone that nobody good word join

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so I ended up being that by default and

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I messed up the first three launches the

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first three launches failed

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unfortunately the fourth launch which

10:46

was the that was the last money that we

10:48

had for Falcon 1 the fourth launch

10:50

worked or it would have been that would

10:52

have been it for for SpaceX but fate

10:57

liked us that day so the fourth launch

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worked and it it just think today is the

11:05

is the 9th anniversary of that launch

11:12

[Music]

11:18

I didn't realize that until saying and

11:24

until I was told that just just earlier

11:25

today but it's a very emotional day

11:30

actually so but the point is is there's

11:34

quite a small rocket when you're doing

11:36

Falcon we're really trying to figure out

11:38

what is the smallest useful payload that

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we get to orbit it's like it's something

11:43

around half a ton two orbit would be

11:46

able to launch at you know that launch a

11:48

decent sized small satellite to low

11:50

Earth orbit and that's why we size about

11:52

one but it's it's really quite small

11:55

compared to falcon 9 so Falcon 9

11:59

particularly when you factor in payload

12:03

the Falcon 9 is is many times more it's

12:07

sort of on the order of 30 times a whole

12:09

payload then Falcon 1 a tenth and Falcon

12:14

9 has reuse of the primary booster which

12:17

is the most expensive part of the rocket

12:19

and hopefully soon reefs of the of the

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fairing the big nose cone at the front

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so we think can probably get to

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something like some between seventeen

12:31

eighty percent reusability with the

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Falcon 9 system and then and hopefully

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towards end this year we'll be launching

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Falcon Heavy which is it's something

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have you ended up being a much more

12:46

complex program than we thought it

12:48

sounds easy

12:50

you let your Falcon Heavy actually it's

12:54

it sounds like it should be should be

12:56

easy because it's two first stages of

12:59

Falcon 9's strapped on as brewster's

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it's actually not you have to redesign

13:09

almost everything except the upper stage

13:11

in order to take be increased loads so

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Falcon Heavy ended up being much more a

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new vehicle then we realized so took us

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a lot longer to to get it done but the

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the boosters have all now been

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tested and they're on their way to to

13:30

the Cape Canaveral and we are now

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beginning serious development of VFR so

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you can see the the payload difference

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is quite dramatic

13:49

VFR in you fully reusable configuration

13:54

without any oval refueling we expect to

13:57

have a payload capability of 150 tons to

13:59

low Earth orbit and that compares to

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about 34 for for full Falcon Heavy yeah

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we were just pasta partially reusable

14:12

where this really makes a tremendous

14:14

difference isn't a cost which all come

14:16

since on the latest slides so this is a

14:22

Cisco to the next line and just about it

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by the way if ya so with VFR you can

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give a sense of scale by looking at the

14:39

tiny person there

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it's really quite quite a big vehicle

14:44

main body diameter is about is about

14:46

nine meters or 30 feet and it consists

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of the booster is lifted by 31 wrecker

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engines that produce thrust about 5,400

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tons lifting 40 and 40 400 ton vehicle

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straight up

15:13

so then it's just a bit basics about the

15:17

ship 48 meter blank dry master expecting

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to be about 85 tons I technically I

15:23

design says 75 tons but inevitably this

15:26

mass growth and that ship will contain

15:31

1,100 tons propellant with a design a

15:36

design of 150 tons and return mass of 50

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so you can think of this as essentially

15:43

combining the upper stage of the rocket

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with Dragon it's like the Falcon 9 up a

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stage the dragon were combined

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so as we I'll go into each of these

15:53

irons in detail but you've got the

15:57

engine section on the rear the

16:00

propellant tanks in the middle and then

16:03

a large payload Bay in the front and

16:06

that payload base actually yet at eight

16:09

stories tall in fact you can foot you

16:12

can fit a whole stack of felt floor and

16:14

rockets in the payload Bay and compared

16:20

to the design I showed last time you'll

16:22

see that there is a small delta wing at

16:24

the back of the rocket the reason for

16:27

that is in order to expand the mission

16:31

envelope of the of the bfr spaceship

16:37

depending on whether you're landing or

16:39

you're coming you're entering a planet

16:42

or a moon that has no atmosphere a thin

16:46

atmosphere or a dense atmosphere and

16:48

depending on whether you have your

16:51

you're entering with no no payload in

16:55

the front a small payload or a heavy

16:57

payload you have to balance the rocket

16:59

out as it's coming in and so the delta

17:02

wing at the back which will post which

17:04

also includes a split flap it's a split

17:07

flap for pitch and roll control allows

17:11

us to control the the pitch angle I

17:16

despite having a wide range of payloads

17:19

in the nose and a wide range of

17:21

atmospheric densities

17:24

so we try to avoid having the DeltaWing

17:26

but it was necessary in order to

17:30

generalize the capability of the

17:32

spaceship such that it could land

17:35

anywhere in the solar system just look

17:41

at a couple of things in detail so the

17:48

the the cargo area has a pressurized

17:52

volume of 825 cubic meters

17:56

this also is greater than the

17:59

pressurized area of an a380 so really is

18:04

capable of carrying a tremendous amount

18:07

of payload you know in a mass transit

18:10

configuration since you'd be taking

18:14

three months in a really good scenario

18:16

but maybe as much as six months you some

18:21

number of months singlets england once

18:23

you probably want a cabin not just a

18:25

seat

18:26

so the Mars transit configuration

18:29

consists of 40 cabins and it's one of

18:32

the pans alone you could conceivably

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have five or six people per cabin if you

18:38

really want to crab people in but I

18:41

think mostly we would expect to see two

18:44

to three people per cabin and so

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normally about a hundred people per

18:50

flight to Mars and then there's a

18:52

central storage area galley and galley

18:54

and a solar storm shelter entertainment

18:57

area and I think probably you know a

19:01

good situation for at least B or for

19:03

version one then going to the main body

19:06

of the vehicle the center body area

19:15

this is where the propellant is located

19:18

and this is a sub cooled methane and

19:25

oxygen so as you as you to kill the

19:29

methane and oxygen below its liquid

19:32

point you get a fairly meaningful

19:36

density increase you get on the order of

19:38

10 to 12 percent density increase which

19:40

makes quite a big difference for the

19:43

propellant load so excited up to do to

19:45

carry 2 or 40 tons of ch4 and in our 60

19:50

tons of oxygen the you know in the fuel

19:56

tank our header tanks so when you come

20:00

in for a landing your orientation may

20:03

change quite significantly but you can't

20:05

have the propellant just sloshing around

20:07

all over in main tanks you have to have

20:09

the header tanks that can feed the main

20:12

engines with precision so that's what

20:14

you see the most in the fuel tank then

20:19

the engine section

20:29

so the the the ship engine section

20:32

consists of four rapture had forced ford

20:37

vacuum referendums and to sea level

20:39

engines so the all six engines are

20:44

capable of gambling the engines with the

20:46

high expansion ratio have a relatively

20:49

smaller gimbal area vocal range and a

20:51

slower and it's lower able rates thus

20:54

the two center engines have a very high

20:58

gimbal range and cable very quickly and

21:02

you can land the ship with either one of

21:05

the two center engines so when you come

21:08

in for landing you will like both

21:09

engines but if if one of the center

21:12

engines fails at any point it will bail

21:15

and successfully with the repeat with

21:17

the other engine and then within each

21:19

engine this great tool of redundancy so

21:23

we want the landing risk to be as close

21:27

to zero as possible and there's some

21:31

basic stats about the engines the sea

21:36

level engines around a330 ISPs yield at

21:39

at level the the alpha stage engine is

21:43

375 know this is version one so I think

21:47

over time there's potential to increase

21:51

that specific impulse by five to ten

21:53

seconds and as was mentioning also

21:56

increased the chamber pressure by fifty

21:59

bar or so and then for refilling where

22:02

you just saw the two ships would

22:05

actually mate at the rear section they

22:08

would use the same mating interface that

22:10

they used to connect to the the booster

22:13

on liftoff so we would reuse that mating

22:16

interface and then and reuse the

22:19

propellant flow lines that are used when

22:21

the booster is when the ship is on the

22:24

booster and then to transfer propellant

22:27

it becomes very simple use control

22:29

thrusters to accelerate in the direction

22:31

that you want you empty so so you give

22:35

sorry this direction Phillip L

22:37

propellant goes that way

22:39

you transfer the propellant very easily

22:41

into these from that from the tanker to

22:43

the ship so going to rocket capability

22:50

this gives you sort of a rough sense of

22:52

of rocket capability starting off at the

22:55

low end with the Falcon one and a half

22:57

ton and then going up to be afar at her

23:00

50 so it it's important note that VFR

23:04

has more carefully than 75 even with

23:11

full reusability but but here's the just

23:14

a really really important fundamental

23:18

point let's look at the launch cost

23:26

till the order the order reverses

23:29

[Applause]

23:30

[Music]

23:38

now at first glance this may seem

23:40

ridiculous but but it's not the the same

23:45

is true of aircraft if you want to if

23:48

you if you bought say a a small

23:51

single-engine turboprop aircraft that

23:54

would be one and a half to two million

23:56

dollars to charter a 747 from California

24:03

to Australia is half a million dollars

24:05

there and back the single-engine

24:08

turboprop can't even get to Australia so

24:12

a fully reusable system like this well

24:16

fully reusable giant aircraft like 747

24:19

costs a third as much as an expendable

24:23

tiny aircraft and in one case you have

24:28

to build an attack aircraft the other

24:29

case just have to refuel something so

24:32

it's it's really crazy that we will have

24:35

these sophisticated rockets and then

24:37

crash them every time we fly this is a

24:40

bit mad I so yeah is that that this is

24:47

this is applicant if says how profound

24:51

this is and how important these body is

24:55

yeah and often I'll be told but you get

24:57

more payload if you made it extendable I

25:00

said yes you could also get more payload

25:02

from an aircraft if you better the

25:04

landing gear and the flaps and just

25:06

parachute it out when you got to your

25:08

destination but that would be crazy and

25:11

you would sell 0 aircrafts Surrey's

25:15

abilities absolutely fundamental no no

25:19

no one talked about the value of orbital

25:21

we're filling this is also extremely

25:24

important so if you just fly VFR two

25:29

orbits and don't do any refilling it's

25:34

it's pretty good you'll get 150 tonnes

25:36

slows orbit and have no and have no fuel

25:39

to go anywhere else

25:42

however if you send up tankers and

25:45

refill in orbits you can refill the

25:48

tanks all the way to the top

25:50

and get 150 tons all the way to Mars and

25:56

if the tanker has higher use capability

26:02

then you're just paying for the cost of

26:04

propellant and the cost of oxygen is

26:07

extremely low and the cost of methane is

26:10

extremely low so if that's all you're

26:14

dealing with the cost of retail of

26:17

refilling your spaceship on orbit it is

26:20

tiny and you can get 150 tons all the

26:25

way to Mars

26:27

so we automated rendezvous and docking

26:30

and refilling absolutely fundamental

26:35

so then getting back to the question of

26:37

how do we pay for for this system this

26:43

was really I said of quite a profound I

26:48

don't call it breakthrough but

26:49

realization that if we can build a

26:52

system that cannibalizes our own

26:58

products makes our own products

27:01

redundant then all of the resources

27:04

which are quite enormous that are useful

27:07

fell to nine heavy and Dragon can be

27:09

applied to one system you know some of

27:15

our customers conservative and they want

27:18

to see the they want to see PFR fly

27:21

several times before they're comfortable

27:23

launch a unit so we plan to do is to

27:25

build ahead and have a stock of Falcon 9

27:28

and Dragon vehicles so that customers

27:31

can be comfortable if they want to use

27:33

the old the old rocket the old

27:35

spacecraft they can do that because

27:37

we'll have a bunch in stock but all of

27:39

our resources will then turn towards

27:41

building VFR and and we believe that we

27:45

can do this with the revenue that we

27:47

with with with the revenue we receive

27:50

for launching satellites and for

27:53

servicing the space station so going to

27:57

the satellites portion

27:59

that'd be the size of this being a 9

28:03

meter diameter vehicle it is a huge

28:05

enabler for new satellites we can

28:09

actually send something that is almost

28:13

nine meters in diameter to orbit so for

28:19

example before if you want to a new

28:21

Hubble you could send a mirror that has

28:25

ten times the surface area of the

28:28

current Hubble as a single unit doesn't

28:31

have to unfold or anything and the walls

28:38

or you can send a large number of small

28:39

satellites you do whatever like you can

28:42

actually also go around and if you

28:44

wanted to collect old satellites or

28:45

clean up space debris you just use a

28:48

sort of chopper over there and go around

28:51

and collect collect satellites will

28:54

collect space debris if you want so then

28:58

we hit that may be something we have to

28:59

do in the future but that that fairing

29:03

would open up and retract and then come

29:05

back down so it's it enables launching

29:10

of earth satellites that are

29:12

significantly larger than anything we've

29:13

done before or significally more

29:15

satellites at a time than anything

29:16

that's been done before it's also

29:19

intended to be able to service the space

29:21

station

29:31

I know it looks a little big rose to the

29:33

space station but the shuttle also

29:37

looked big so it'll work looks a little

29:42

odd size but it'll work

29:44

so it's it'll be capable of doing what

29:49

dragon does today in terms of

29:51

transporting cargo and what dragon to

29:54

will do in terms of transporting crew

29:57

and cargo so did the space station

30:00

servicing it can also go up see much

30:03

further than that

30:05

like for example in base the

30:09

calculations we've done we can actually

30:11

do lunar surface missions with no

30:14

propellant production on the surface of

30:16

the Moon so if we do a high elliptic

30:20

parking orbit for the ship and retain in

30:25

a high elliptic orbit we can go all the

30:28

way to the moon and back with no local

30:31

propellant production on the moon so

30:35

they've got that that enabled they were

30:36

enabled the creation of moon base alpha

30:39

or some sort of lunar base

30:44

[Applause]

30:45

[Music]

30:54

yeah quite captivating so the Eagles to

31:01

see for example how do you transfer

31:03

cargo from the cargo bay down to the

31:06

ground is crane so ever it complicated

31:09

and yeah but but since this will enable

31:15

the creation of a lunar base and it's

31:18

2017 I mean we should have a lunar base

31:20

by now what the hell's going on and

31:31

there of course Mars becoming a

31:36

multi-planet species you say how about

31:38

it'd be a nice thing applying species so

31:43

yeah so we'd start off by setting

31:45

Commission to to Mars where it would be

31:48

obviously just landing on rocky ground

31:51

or dusty ground and it's the same

31:55

approach that I mentioned before which

31:57

is you send the spaceship up to over it

31:59

Yury tank it or refill it until it has

32:02

full tanks and it travels to Mars

32:07

lands on Mars for Mars you will need

32:09

local propellant production but Mars has

32:13

a co2 atmosphere and plenty of water ice

32:16

that gives you co2 and h2o so you've got

32:20

you can make therefore ch4 no.2 using

32:25

the Sabatier process and also the you

32:27

know voice paella process and I should

32:32

mention that long term this can also be

32:35

done on earth so as soon as I get some

32:37

sort of criticism for why why using

32:42

combustion and rockets and you have

32:43

electric cars like well it isn't some

32:45

way to make an electric rocket I wish

32:47

there was but in the long term you can

32:51

use solar power to extract co2 from the

32:54

atmosphere combine it with water and

32:56

produce

32:58

fuel and oxygen for the rocket so the

33:00

same thing that we were doing Mars we

33:03

could do on earth in the long term but

33:07

that that's essentially what happens

33:08

similar to to learn you land land on

33:11

Mars but the tricky thing with Mars is

33:13

we do need to build up a propellant

33:15

Depot to refill the tanks and return to

33:19

Earth but because Mars has lower gravity

33:23

than Earth you can you do not need a

33:25

booster so you can go all the way from

33:27

the surface of Mars the surface of Earth

33:29

just using the ship I'll be it you need

33:32

to go for - max payload number of about

33:35

20 - 20 to 50 tons for the return

33:40

journey to work but it's a single saddle

33:42

this is a single stage all the way back

33:43

to earth I'll show you the so this is

33:47

the true physics simulation this lasts

33:54

about a minute so you come in you're

33:57

entering very quickly going seven a half

33:59

kilometres a second for Mars there won't

34:03

be some ablation of the heat shield so

34:05

it's just like a sort of brake pad

34:06

wearing away

34:08

it is a multi-use heat shield but unlike

34:11

for earth operations it's coming in hot

34:15

enough that you really do you will see

34:17

somewhere of the heat shield

34:19

but because Mars has an atmosphere I'll

34:23

be it but a particularly dense one you

34:25

can remove almost all the energy or

34:26

aerodynamically and we've proven out

34:30

supersonic retropropulsion many times

34:32

with with Falcon 9 so you feel record

34:34

about that the this is a because it sort

34:39

of you could see sort of a mesh system

34:44

it's not it's not meant to be sort of

34:45

particularly pretty because it's just

34:47

first if you simulate the physics of it

34:49

but the the size of the current gives

34:51

you a rough approximation for how much

34:53

thrust the engines are producing

35:10

that's not a typo

35:15

although it is aspirational

35:18

[Music]

35:20

so we've already started building the

35:25

system the tooling for the main tanks is

35:32

has been ordered the facility is being

35:35

built we will start construction the

35:38

first ship around the second quarter of

35:42

next year so in about six nine months we

35:45

should start building the first ship I

35:47

feel fairly confident that we can

35:52

complete the ship and be ready for a

35:55

launch in about five years five years

35:57

seems like a long time to me

36:00

[Music]

36:07

and I the the area under the curve of

36:13

resources over that period of time

36:14

should enable this time frame to be met

36:17

but if not this time frame I think

36:19

pretty soon thereafter but that's how

36:22

that's our goal is to try to make the

36:24

2020 to monitor the both was

36:31

synchronization happens roughly every

36:33

two years so every two years there's an

36:35

opportunity for justify to Mars so then

36:41

in 2024 we want to try to fly for ships

36:45

two of which would be crude and to which

36:48

to 2002 to curve the goal of the of

36:55

these initial missions is to is to find

36:57

the best source of water that's for the

36:59

first mission and then the second

37:01

mission the goal is to build the the

37:03

propellant plant so we should with

37:06

particular with six ships there have

37:09

plenty of landed mass to construct the

37:13

propellant Depot which will consist of a

37:16

large array of solar panels very large

37:18

array and then everything necessary to

37:21

mine and refine water and then draw the

37:25

co2 out of the atmosphere and then

37:27

create and store deep fry or ch4 nor to

37:33

then build up the base starting with one

37:37

one ship then multiple ships then start

37:40

building out the city then making the

37:43

city bigger and even bigger

37:50

[Applause]

37:51

[Music]

38:00

and yeah and over time terraforming was

38:05

and making it really a nice place to be

38:11

Thanks

38:18

but this is quite a quite a beautiful

38:21

picture and on the prior slide it's

38:25

nursing you know that on Mars donor desk

38:28

or blue and it's the sky that's the sky

38:31

is blue and or dust and and red during

38:33

the day it's the opposite of Earth and

38:38

but this there's something else if you

38:44

if you build a ship that's capable of

38:46

going to Mars

38:50

what if you take that same ship and go

38:54

from one place to another on earth so we

38:57

look at that and the results are quite

39:01

interesting let's take a look at that

39:11

[Music]

39:15

Mountain sir

39:20

so the the the great thing about going

39:23

to space is there's no friction so once

39:27

you're out of the atmosphere you will go

39:29

away smooth as silk

39:30

no turbans nothing there's no weather so

39:33

mr. Hapsburg and you can get to it most

39:38

long-distance places like I said in less

39:39

than half an hour

39:41

and if we're building this thing to go

39:44

to the Moon and Mars then why not go to

39:47

other places on earth as well all right

39:49

thank you

39:51

[Music]